Analysis of Demat Account and Online Trading Project Report

Objectives:
An objective is the brainchild behind any project report. A project report will always have a certain objective which needs to be accomplished. Following are the objectives behind the preparation of my project at Indiabulls securities Ltd.

=> To Compare Indiabulls Online share trading account with the big players in the Market i.e. ICICI, KARVY, HDFC, RELIENCE MONEY as well as with INDIA INFOLINE.
=> Identify the areas where INDIABULLS Scores above its competitors and what are its weak links.

=> Know the market potential of INDIABULLS considering the fact that there are many competitors in this field with some more firms expected to join the fray in the near future. This will be done with the help of a questionnaire. Provide suggestions to the company regarding what else it can do to stand apart in this ever competitive field and thereby emerge as a market leader.

=> To understand the company, its achievements and tasks, products and services and also to collect information about its competitors, its products and services offered.

=> After understanding and collecting information about the organization and its competitors, a trainee will be able to work well for the organization.

=> To Study present online share trading


Limitations of study:
=> The respondents who have not given any information are not included in the sample but do come under the population.
=> It was not possible to cover each and every client of each and every broking house and hence a sample of 100 people was taken.
=> The market share of all the online share trading products is only for the city of Varanasi. The market share of all the companies may differ in different cities. It may also differ nationally.
=> Due to the tough competition each & every broking firm is offering different schemes like, free opening A/c or different advance brokerage schemes where Indiabulls is lacking in this area.

Scope Of Study
=> It provides a complete knowledge of various fundamental concepts of share market and online trading.
=> It will help in analyzing the behavior of consumers and help in Knowing the parameters of investment on which they would like to invest..
=> Through this project I am not only bringing long term clients for my organization but also creating a word of mouth publicity of my organization by offering the best services to the clients so that more and more potential customer will come and stick to my organization.
=> Also through this project I suggest the organization the behavioral pattern of investor towards different instruments.
=> From the study I have learned very much, about the company as well as the strategy of the customers, which helps me a lot at my working days.

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Universal Banking and its Potential for Indian Market Consumers Project Report

ABSTRACT
Different types of financial products and services penetrate our daily activities. As a major group of financial institutions, banks have been expanding their service scope, and hence, universal banks, which provide a variety of financial products and services in one house, have experienced growing popularity in some industrialized countries. In India, banking institutions have assumed a key role in the simplistic financial sector. Commercial banks have made effort to diversify their products and services, but a lengthy process is expected for their transition into truly universal banks. It is argued that the current structure and practices of the local market also contribute to this lengthy transformation. Thus, banks, which assume a leading position in most financial systems, have to be prepared for the growing need of their customers. Also, government should provide necessary assistance to banks for aiding them to get converted into universal banking system for the benefit of Indian customers.

INTRODUCTION
Banking institutions are dominant operators in modern financial systems and important business entities in an economy. They are divided into two separate types of institutions, namely commercial banks and investment banks in some countries, while in other countries such division is vague or even non-existent. The so-called universal banks engage in all forms of commercial and investment banking, not only including lending and deposit taking, but also underwriting securities and securities trading. In particular, some universal banks may own significant equity interests in companies with voting rights.

Germany is the typical example running the universal banking system. Canada and Switzerland, among others, are noteworthy examples moving towards universal banking. Despite the growing popularity of universal banks in a global context, the United States continues to block commercial banks from engaging in securities transaction and underwriting. Hence, it is argued that the practice of universal banking may not be suitable for all financial systems.
This project is designed to discuss primary practices of universal banks and their relevance to banking activities in India. The objective is to analyze whether the concept of Universal Banking, if implemented by Indian banks, have potential for Indian market consumers.

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Project Report on Working Capital Management

INTRODUCTION OF WORKING CAPITAL
The net working capital of business is its current assets less its current liabilities.
Current Assets include:
• Stock of Raw Material
• Work in Progress
• Finished Goods
• Trade Debtors
• Prepayments
• Cash Balances

Current Liabilities include:
• Trade Creditors
• Accruals
• Taxation Payable
• Dividends Payable
• Short term Loans

Every business needs adequate liquid resources in order to maintain day to day cash flows. It needs enough cash to by wages and salaries as they fall due and to pay creditors if it is to keep its workforce and ensure its supplies. Maintaining adequate working capital; is not just important in the short term.

Sufficient liquidity must be maintained in order to ensure the survival of business in the long term as well. Even a profitable business may fail if it does not have adequate cash flows to meet its liabilities as tyhey fall a due. Therefore when business make investment decisions they must not only consider the financial outlay involved with acquiring the new machine or the new building etc, but must also take account of the additional current assets that are usually involved with any expansion of activity .

Increase production tends to engender a need to hold additional stocks of raw material & work in progress.
Increased sales usually mean that the level of debtor will increase. A general increase in the firm’s scales of operation tends to imply a need for greater level of cash.

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Working Capital Management in Reliance Industries Ltd Project Report

Introduction Working capital management
Working capital refers to that part of the firm’s capital which is required for financing short- term or current assets such as cash, marketable securities, debtors & inventories. Funds, thus, invested in current assts keep revolving fast and are being constantly converted in to cash and this cash flows out again in exchange for other current assets. Hence, it is also known as revolving or circulating capital or short term capital.

Working capital management is concerned with the problems arise in attempting to manage the current assets, the current liabilities and the inter relationship that exist between them.

The term current assets refers to those assets which in ordinary course of business can be, or, will be, turned in to cash within one year without undergoing a diminution in value and without disrupting the operation of the firm. The major current assets are cash, marketable securities, account receivable and inventory.
Current liabilities ware those liabilities which intended at there inception to be paid in ordinary course of business, within a year, out of the current assets or earnings of the concern. The basic current liabilities are account payable, bill payable, bank over-draft, and outstanding expenses.

The goal of working capital management is to manage the firm’s current assets and current liabilities in such way that the satisfactory level of working capital is mentioned.
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Mutual fund Industry Project Report

INTRODUCTION OF MUTUAL FUNDS
Mutual funds have become a very popular way to take some of the risk out of investing in individual stocks by investors. Mutual funds are a collection of stocks selected by mutual fund seller and sold to investors as shares in a fund. There are several types of funds that you can invest in. Some of the more popular types are technology funds, growth funds, security funds, and income funds. Mutual funds are very popular because they allow you to invest in a numbers of stocks therefore greatly reducing the risks associated with putting you money in an individual stock.

Mutual funds have become one of the most attractive ways for the average person to invest their money. A mutual fund pools resources from thousands of investors and then diversifies its investment into many different holdings such as stocks, bonds, or government securities in order to provide high relative safety and returns.
Mutual Funds now represents perhaps the most appropriate opportunity for most investors. It is no wonder that birthplace of mutual funds - the U.S.A.- the fund industry has already overtaken the banking industry. The Indian industry has already started opening up many of the exciting investment opportunities to Indian investors.

Though not insured like banks, mutual funds generally provide more return than the current one to two percent obtainable through banks while still being one of the safest ways to grow your money. There are an endless variety of mutual fund investment choices depending on the degree of risk you feel comfortable with.
Mutual Funds have emerged as professional intermediaries. Besides providing the expertise in stock market investing, these funds allow investing in small amounts and yet holding a diversified portfolio to a limit.

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project report on EQUITIES–Cash & Derivatives

Executive Summary
In few years Share Market has emerged as a tool for ensuring one’s financial well being. Share Markets have not only contributed to the India growth story but have also helped families tap into the success of Indian Industry. As information and awareness is rising more and more people are enjoying the benefits of investing in Share Markets. once people are aware of Share Market investment opportunities, the number who decide to invest in Share Markets increases to as many as one in every five people.

This Project gave me a great learning experience and at the same time it gave me enough scope to implement my analytical ability.

The first part gives an insight about Share Market and its various aspects, the Company Profile, Objective of the study, Research Methodology. One can have a brief knowledge about Share market and its basics through the project.

The second part of the Project consists of Friday market analysis collected from past records This Project covers the topic of “ FRIDAY MARKET INVESTING PLAN ” The data collected has been well organized and presented. I hope the research findings and conclusion will be of use.

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Potential of Life Insurance Industry in Surat Market Project Report

Executive Summary
The service industry is one of the fastest growing sectors in India today. The upcoming sectors which are really showing the graph towards upwards are - Telecom, Banking, and Insurance. These sectors really have a lot of responsibility towards the economy.

Amongst the above-mentioned areas insurance is one sector, which took a lot of time in positioning itself. The insurance business of non-life companies was not much in problems but the major problem was with life insurance. Life Insurance Corporation of India had monopoly for more than 45 years, but the picture then was completely different. Previously people felt that “Insurance is only for classes not for masses” but now the picture is vice-versa.

The story of insurance is probably as old as the story of mankind. The same instinct that prompts modern businessmen today to secure themselves against loss and disaster existed in primitive men also. They too sought to avert the evil consequences of fire and flood and loss of life and were willing to make some sort of sacrifice in order to achieve security. Though the concept of insurance is largely a development of the recent past, particularly after the industrial era – past few centuries – yet its beginnings date back almost 6000 years.

Life Insurance in its modern form came to India from England in the year 1818. Oriental Life Insurance Company started by Europeans in Calcutta was the first life insurance company on Indian Soil. All the insurance companies established during that period were brought up with the purpose of looking after the needs of European community and these companies were not insuring Indian natives. However, later with the efforts of eminent people like Babu Muttylal Seal, the foreign life insurance companies started insuring Indian lives. But Indian lives were being treated as sub-standard lives and heavy extra premiums were being charged on them. Bombay Mutual Life Assurance Society heralded the birth of first Indian life insurance company in the year 1870, and covered Indian lives at normal rates. Starting as Indian enterprise with highly patriotic motives, insurance companies came into existence to carry the message of insurance and social security through insurance to various sectors of society. Bharat Insurance Company (1896) was also one of such companies inspired by nationalism. The Swadeshi movement of 1905-1907 gave rise to more insurance companies. The United India in Madras, National Indian and National Insurance in Calcutta and the Co-operative Assurance at Lahore were established in 1906. In 1907, Hindustan Co-operative Insurance Company took its birth in one of the rooms of the Jorasanko, house of the great poet Rabindranath Tagore, in Calcutta. The Indian Mercantile, General Assurance and Swadeshi Life (later Bombay Life) were some of the companies established during the same period. Prior to 1912 India had no legislation to regulate insurance business. In the year 1912, the Life Insurance Companies Act, and the Provident Fund Act were passed. The Life Insurance Companies Act 1912 made it necessary that the premium rate tables and periodical valuations of companies should be certified by an actuary. But the Act discriminated between foreign and Indian companies on many accounts, putting the Indian companies at a disadvantage.

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Project Report on Cash Management of Standard Charted Bank

Introduction

Cash management is a marketing term for certain services offered primarily to larger business customers. It may be used to describe all bank accounts (such as checking accounts) provided to businesses of a certain size, but it is more often used to describe specific services such as cash concentration, zero balance accounting, and automated clearing house facilities. Sometimes, private bank customers are given cash management services.

The following is a list of services generally offered by banks and utilised by larger businesses and corporations:
• Account Reconcilement Services: Balancing a checkbook can be a difficult process for a very large business, since it issues so many checks it can take a lot of human monitoring to understand which checks have not cleared and therefore what the company's true balance is. To address this, banks have developed a system which allows companies to upload a list of all the checks that they issue on a daily basis, so that at the end of the month the bank statement will show not only which checks have cleared, but also which have not. More recently, banks have used this system to prevent checks from being fraudulently cashed if they are not on the list, a process known as positive pay.

• Advanced Web Services: Most banks have an Internet-based system which is more advanced than the one available to consumers. This enables managers to create and authorize special internal logon credentials, allowing employees to send wires and access other cash management features normally not found on the consumer web site.

• Armored Car Services: Large retailers who collect a great deal of cash may have the bank pick this cash up via an armored car company, instead of asking its employees to deposit the cash.

• Automated Clearing House: services are usually offered by the cash management division of a bank. The Automated Clearing House is an electronic system used to transfer funds between banks. Companies use this to pay others, especially employees (this is how direct deposit works). Certain companies also use it to collect funds from customers (this is generally how automatic payment plans work). This system is criticized by some consumer advocacy groups, because under this system banks assume that the company initiating the debit is correct until proven otherwise.



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Project Report on Microfinance in India

Introduction

Microfinance is defined as any activity that includes the provision of financial services such as credit, savings, and insurance to low income individuals which fall just above the nationally defined poverty line, and poor individuals which fall below that poverty line, with the goal of creating social value. The creation of social value includes poverty alleviation and the broader impact of improving livelihood opportunities through the provision of capital for micro enterprise, and insurance and savings for risk mitigation and consumption smoothing. A large variety of actors provide microfinance in India, using a range of microfinance delivery methods. Since the ICICI Bank in India, various actors have endeavored to provide access to financial services to the poor in creative ways. Governments also have piloted national programs, NGOs have undertaken the activity of raising donor funds for on-lending, and some banks have partnered with public organizations or made small inroads themselves in providing such services. This has resulted in a rather broad definition of microfinance as any activity that targets poor and low-income individuals for the provision of financial services. The range of activities undertaken in microfinance include group lending, individual lending, the provision of savings and insurance, capacity building, and agricultural business development services. Whatever the form of activity however, the overarching goal that unifies all actors in the provision of microfinance is the creation of social value.



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PROJECT REPORT ON WORKING CAPITAL ANALYSIS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The management of current assets deals with determination, maintenance, control and monitoring the level of all the individual current assets. Current assets are referred to as assets, which can normally be converted into cash within one year therefore investment in current assets should be just adequate no more no less” to the needs of the business. Excessive investments in current assets should be avoided, because it impairs firm’s profitability, as idle investment in current assets and are non-productive and so they can earn nothing, on the other hand inadequate amount of working capital can threaten solvency of the firm, if it fails to meet its current obligations.

Thus the working capital is a qualitative concept
1. It indicates the liquidity position of the firm and
2. It suggests the extent to which working capital needs may be financed by permanent source of fund. Current assets should be sufficiently in excess of current liabilities to constitute a margin or buffer for maturing obligation within the ordinary cycle of business.

The basic learning objective behind the study was-
• Computation of Working Capital Management
• Operating Cycle of the firm
• Financial plan estimated for 2007-2008 and projected for 2008-2009
• Working capital credit limits
• Ratio analysis

On the basis of above calculations following conclusions can be made-
• Birla power ltd. has both long term as well as short term sources for current asset financing. It implies that company follows matching principle for raising funds.
• Right now company is following aggressive policy, which means that company is maintaining lower ratio of current assets to fixed assets.
• Birla power solutions ltd has high collection peri0od which shows that money has been unnecessarily blocked with the debtors.

So to overcome the above problems following are the recommendations—
• Increase the proportion of current assets over fixed assets to come to proper proportion of current assets and fixed assets as per the basic norms and guidelines.
• Company should shift from aggressive policy to conservative current assets policy.
• Company should reduce the holiday period else the company will have to pay high carrying cost.



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Project Report on Comparative Study on Share Market & Mutual Fund In Share Khan

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Indian Capital Market has been linked to the International Financial Market and the Standard has been increased in terms of efficiency and transparency through Dematerialization of the Indian Capital Market in terms of handling and dealing in securities in paper mode , the main objective of this study is to analyze trends in growth of dematerialization process was not keeping pace with the Indian Capital Market due to un popularity of Demat, lack of information , and short direction after the inception of the scheme or the earliest time taken to evaluate its popularity. My project is base on study about dematerialization in the Indian Capital Market .The project covers issues related to depository and Sharekhan as depository .Project start with objective , Methodology ,and limitation of project than it highlight company profile with product details, than it explains capital market and depository part of this capital market . This project cover trading in equity of capital market, settlement of trade in depository, comparative analysis of structure and services offers in the same industry , analysis of structure and services offers in the same industry, analysis of dematerialization , issues related to demat e.g. opening account , nomination dematerialization ,transmission ,freezing defreezing.



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MERGER AND CONSOLIDATION OF ICICI LTD AND ICICI BANK PROJECT REPORT

INTRODUCTION

We have been learning about the companies coming together to from another company and companies taking over the existing companies to expand their business. With recession taking toll of many Indian businesses and the feeling of insecurity surging over our businessmen, it is not surprising when we hear about the immense numbers of corporate restructurings taking place, especially in the last couple of years. Several companies have been taken over and several have undergone internal restructuring, whereas certain companies in the same field of business have found it beneficial to merge together into one company. In this context, it would be essential for us to understand what corporate restructuring and mergers and acquisitions are all about.

All our daily newspapers are filled with cases of mergers, acquisitions, spin- offs, tender offers, & other forms of corporate restructuring. Thus important issues both for business decision and public policy formulation have been raised. No firm is regarded safe from a takeover possibility. On the more positive side Mergers & Acquisition’s may be critical for the healthy expansion and growth of the firm. Successful entry into new product and geographical markets may require Mergers & Acquisition’s at some stage in the firm's development. Successful competition in international markets may depend on capabilities obtained in a timely and efficient fashion through Mergers & Acquisition's. Many have argued that mergers increase value and efficiency and move resources to their highest and best uses, thereby increasing shareholder value. Opt for a merger or not is a complex affair, especially in terms of the technicalities involved. We have discussed almost all factors that the management may have to look into Before going for merger. Considerable amount of brainstorming would be required by the managements to reach a conclusion. E.g. A due diligence report would clearly identify the status of the company in respect of the financial position along with the net worth and pending legal matters and details about various contingent liabilities. Decision has to be taken after having discussed the pros & cons of the proposed merger & the impact of the same on the business, administrative costs benefits, addition to shareholders' value, tax implications including stamp duty and last but not the least also on the employees of the Transferor or Transferee Company.



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PROJECT REPORT ON STUDY OF POST RECESSION EFFECTS ON THE DEMAND OF NOKIA E- SERIES

RECESSIONS are the result of reduction in the demand of products in the global market. Recession can also be associated with falling prices known as deflation due to lack of demand of products. Again, it could be the result of inflation or a combination of increasing prices and stagnant economic growth in the west.

Recession in the West, especially the United States, is a very bad news for our country. Our companies in India have most outsourcing deals from the US. Even our exports to US have increased over the years. Exports for January have declined by 22 per cent. There is a decline in the employment market due to the recession in the West. There has been a significant drop in the new hiring which is a cause of great concern for us. Some companies have laid off their employees and there have been cut in promotions, compensation and perks of the employees. Companies in the private sector and government sector are hesitant to take up new projects. And they are working on existing projects only. Projections indicate that up to one crore persons could lose their jobs in the correct fiscal ending March. The one crore figure has been compiled by Federation of Indian Export Organizations (FIEO), which says that it has carried out an intensive survey. The textile, garment and handicraft industry are worse affected. Together, they are going to lose four million jobs by April 2009, according to the FIEO survey. There has also been a decline in the tourist inflow lately. The real estate has also a problem of tight liquidity situations, where the developers are finding it hard to raise finances.



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PROJECT REPORT ON STUDY OF BEST PERFORMING SCRIPTS OF NIFTY IN LAST 5 YEAR IN BANKING SECTOR

NIFTY & BANKING

NIFTY- The National Stock Exchange of India Limited has genesis in the report of the High Powered Study Group on Establishment of New Stock Exchanges. It recommended promotion of a National Stock Exchange by financial institutions (FIs) to provide access to investors from all across the country on an equal footing. Based on the recommendations, NSE was promoted by leading Financial Institutions at the behest of the Government of India and was incorporated in November 1992 as a tax-paying company unlike other stock exchanges in the country.

On its recognition as a stock exchange under the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956 in April 1993, NSE commenced operations in the Wholesale Debt Market (WDM) segment in June 1994. The Capital Market (Equities) segment commenced operations in November 1994 and operations in Derivatives segment commenced in June 2000.
The following years witnessed rapid development of Indian capital market with introduction of internet trading, Exchange traded funds (ETF), stock derivatives and the first volatility index - IndiaVIX in April 2008, by NSE.

August 2008 saw introduction of Currency derivatives in India with the launch of Currency Futures in USD INR by NSE. Interest Rate Futures was introduced for the first time in India by NSE on 31st August 2009, exactly after one year of the launch of Currency Futures.

With this, now both the retail and institutional investors can participate in equities, equity derivatives, currency and interest rate derivatives, giving them wide range of products to take care of their evolving needs.



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